🏠 HOME 🚀 THE NEXT FRONTIER NEW 💸 MONEY 🎯 SUCCESS 🏡 LIVING SPACES 🍿 WATCH
  • Skip to main content

Mad Mad News

LIVE ABOVE THE MADNESS

SUCCESS


7 Best Private Student Loans of November 2026

November 4, 2026 MMN Editor Filed Under: Money.com, SUCCESS

Key Takeaways

The best student loan lenders include Earnest, Sallie Mae and SoFi. Several well-known lenders offer very similar products, so it’s critical to shop around. Some lenders excel at serving particular types of students or offer unique perks that may matter to you.
Undergraduate students should always max out federal student loans before turning to private options, which tend to be more expensive and offer fewer protections. Parents with strong credit can often qualify for better terms in the private market than those available through federal Parent PLUS loans.
Methodology: Money reviewed loan products from 14 lenders, evaluating interest rates, fees, repayment terms, borrower protections and more.

Private student loans can help you fill in the funding gap after you’ve tallied all your scholarships and grants and maxed out federal student loans. Private student loans are credit based, meaning not every student or parent will qualify. In fact, nearly 90% of undergraduate private student loans have a cosigner since undergraduates are often too young to have an established credit history.
Our top picks for best student loans
The following companies are listed in alphabetical order.

Abe – Best for Borrower Protections
Ascent – Best for Borrowers Without a Cosigner
College Ave – Best for Parents
Earnest – Best for Flexible Repayment
MPower Financing – Best for International Students
Sallie Mae – Best for Non-Degree Programs
SoFi® – Best for Member Perks

Pros

In-school default protection
Grace period of up to 12 months
Several forbearance options
2% principal reduction after graduation

Cons

Lacks the history of more established lenders so customer reviews are limited
Lower lifetime borrowing maximums than other lenders

HIGHLIGHTS

Loan amounts
$1,000 up to total school-certified cost of attendance

Loan terms
5, 7, 10, 15 or 20 years

Fixed APR
2.08% – 16.58%

Minimum credit score
Not disclosed

Minimum income
Not disclosed

Abe, which launched in the summer of 2024, is a new lender in the private student loan space. Like most lenders, Abe allows borrowers to choose whether they want to make in-school payments or defer payments until they graduate. But Abe stands out for its in-school default protection. If a borrower chooses to start repaying while enrolled and ends up falling behind, Abe will automatically switch them to the deferred payment program.
Abe has an option to extend its 6-month grace period up to a full year, and a shorter-than-normal 12-month period to apply for cosigner release. The company also offers some of the most robust — and transparent — hardship protections of any lender. Borrowers can get 12 months of forbearance for a job loss or other financial hardship, natural disaster or illness.
Aside from the autopay rate discount, borrowers can reduce their interest rate by an additional 0.05% for every six months of on-time payments (for a maximum discount of 0.25%). Plus, borrowers can shave 2% off their principal after they graduate through Abe’s Grad Reward.

Pros

Loans without cosigners or credit histories available

Bigger than normal discounts for setting up automatic payments
1% Cash Back Graduation Reward

Cons

First- and second-year students not eligible for outcomes-based loans

Lower loan maximums than some lenders

HIGHLIGHTS

Loan amounts
$2,001 to $200,000 lifetime maximum for undergraduate loans, $400,000 lifetime maximum for graduate loans.

Loan terms
Five terms for credit-based loans (5, 7, 10, 12 and 15 years) and two terms (10 and 15 years) for outcomes-based loans

Fixed APR
1.99% – 17.50% (lowest rate includes autopay discount)

Minimum credit score
Not disclosed

Minimum income
$30,000

Ascent is the best option for borrowers without a cosigner due to its specialized non-cosigned loan options for undergraduate, graduate and DACA students. It offers two options for non-cosigned loans — a credit-based option for those who do have a borrowing history and an Outcomes-Based Loan® for those without. These are unique products, but you should know that both options have significantly higher starting APRs than cosigned loans offered by Ascent (and other lenders). The lender no longer publicizes the different rate ranges for each loan type, but when it did earlier this year, the credit-based loans without a cosigner started at 6.75% for fixed-rate loans and outcomes-based loans with a fixed rate started at 13.47%. For now, Ascent’s lowest rate loans are for graduate students, starting at 1.99%. Ascent does have a larger-than-normal discount for setting up autopay, with a 0.50% discount for all credit-based loans and a 1% discount for outcomes-based loans.
For borrowers with cosigners, Ascent offers competitive rates and a quicker 12-month period before you can apply for cosigner release. Other highlights include a 9-month grace period and loan products for career training and bootcamps.

Read full Ascent student loans review>>

Pros

Flexible repayment options for parents
Very competitive APRs for credit-worthy borrowers

Cons

Cosigner release only available after half the repayment term is completed
Late fee of up to $25 (several lenders have eliminated late fees)
Limited information about forbearance options or hardship protections online

HIGHLIGHTS

Loan amounts
$1,000 to total cost of attendance

Loan terms
5 to 15 years for most loans; up to 20 years for medical, dental and law school

Fixed APR
1.94% – 17.99%

Minimum credit score
Mid-600s

Minimum income
Not disclosed

Like most lenders, College Ave Student Loans offers a suite of undergraduate and graduate loans. But it also offers parent loans that have a customizable repayment term. Parents can choose a term anywhere between 5 and 15 years, which allows you to pick a term that best fits your budget. Overall, the lender regularly offers some of the lowest starting APRs in the industry. (Note that the lowest rates currently are for career school loans. Loans for undergraduate students start at 2.19%.) But if you have fair credit, you may find better deals elsewhere. College Ave’s maximum APR is among the highest on the market.
Read full College Ave student loan review>>

College Ave Disclaimer
Disclaimer

1. All rates include the auto-pay discount. The 0.25% auto-pay interest rate reduction applies as long as a valid bank account is designated for required monthly payments. If a payment is returned, you will lose this benefit. Variable rates may increase after consummation.
2. As certified by your school and less any other financial aid you might receive. Minimum $1,000.
3. This informational repayment example uses typical loan terms for a freshman borrower who selects the Deferred Repayment Option with a 10-year repayment term, has a $10,000 loan that is disbursed in one disbursement and a 8.35% fixed Annual Percentage Rate (“APR”): 120 monthly payments of $179.18 while in the repayment period, for a total amount of payments of $21,501.54. Loans will never have a full principal and interest monthly payment of less than $50. Your actual rates and repayment terms may vary.

Pros

Longer-than-normal grace period<sup>1</sup>
Skip-a-payment program<sup>2</sup>
Rate match guarantee<sup>3</sup>
Cosigner release<sup>4</sup>

Cons

Student must pursue a bachelor’s or graduate degree

HIGHLIGHTS

Loan amounts
$1,0005 to total school-certified cost of attendance

Loan terms
5, 7, 10, 12 or 15 years6

Fixed APR
2.24% – 16.49%7 with autopay discount8

Minimum credit score
650

Minimum income
None

Earnest offers four in-school repayment options, five terms for all of its loans, and a longer-than-usual grace period. It has a unique skip-a-payment benefit, where borrowers have the option to skip one monthly payment a year without penalty, and it also boasts a rate match guarantee.
Earnest doesn’t charge any fees, and among the lenders we reviewed, it had the third highest customer review rating on Trustpilot, with a 4.6 (out of 5 stars) based on more than 7,500 borrower reviews. In May 2026, Earnest introduced a cosigner release program, and it now offers one of the more transparent cosigner release policies on the market. Borrowers can apply for cosigner release after making at least 12 consecutive, full payments, and they’ll have to meet Earnest’s eligibility and credit requirements to be approved. The lender also says it will also automatically review borrowers who paid off half of their principal balance to see whether they’re eligible for release.
Read full Earnest student Loans review>>

Earnest Disclosure
Disclosure

1 Repayment terms and repayment options available vary based on loan type.
2 Earnest clients may skip a payment through a single, one-month forbearance during a 12 month period. Your first request to skip a pay can be made once you’ve made at least 6 months of consecutive on-time full principal and interest payments, and your loan is in good standing. The interest accrued during the skipped month will result in an increase in your remaining minimum payment. The final payoff date on your loan will be extended by the length of the skipped payment periods. Any unpaid accrued interest may capitalize (added to the principal balance) at the end of the forbearance period by adding unpaid accrued interest to the outstanding principal as permitted by law and the terms of the loan agreement. Please note that skipping a payment is not guaranteed and is at Earnest’s discretion. Your monthly payment and total loan cost may increase as a result of postponing your payment and extending your term.
3 Terms and conditions apply. To qualify for this Earnest Rate Match and Bonus offer: 1) you must submit a completed student loan application; 2) you must provide documentation of an eligible competitive rate offer exclusive of all discounts by calling Client Happiness at (888) 601-2801 or chat on Earnest.com and follow the instructions to send in your proof of lower rate; and 3) you must provide a valid email address during the application process. The bonus will be paid out in the form of a gift card. You will receive instructions on how to redeem the gift card via the email address you have provided. Limit one rate match bonus per application. A bonus cannot be issued to residents in MA. Bonuses that are not redeemed within 180 calendar days of the date they were made available to the recipient may be subject to forfeit. Bonus amounts of $600 or greater in a single calendar year may be reported to the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) as miscellaneous income to the recipient on Form 1099-MISC in the year received as required by applicable law. Recipient is responsible for any applicable federal, state or local taxes associated with receiving the bonus offer; consult your tax advisor to determine applicable tax consequences. Additional terms and conditions may apply. Earnest may discontinue this program at any time.
4 To qualify for automatic cosigner release, the outstanding principal balance of your loan must be paid down to 50% or less of the original principal balance. The primary borrower must have made 36 months of required payments after the end of the Interim Period. The primary borrower must meet our eligibility and minimum credit requirements. Additional terms and conditions may apply. To request cosigner release, the primary borrower must have made 12 consecutive, monthly on-time principal and interest payments (or an amount equal thereto) immediately preceding the cosigner release application. The primary borrower must satisfy certain eligibility and credit criteria at the time of application. Additional terms and conditions may apply.
5 Residents of Hawaii must request a loan of at least $1,501.
6 Available interest rates are subject to change. Interest rates as of 03/19/2026. Earnest’s Loan Cost Examples:
1.) These examples provide estimates based on principal and interest payments beginning immediately upon loan disbursement. Variable annual percentage rate (“APR”): A $10,000 loan with a 15-year term (180 monthly payments of $152.84) and a 16.85% interest rate without Auto Pay (16.85% APR) would result in a total estimated payment amount of $27,511.20. For a variable loan, after your starting rate is set, your rate will then vary with the market. Fixed APR: A $10,000 loan with a 15-year term (180 monthly payments of $150.30) and a 16.49% interest rate without Auto Pay (16.49% APR) would result in a total estimated payment amount of $27,054.10.
2.) These examples provide estimates based on interest-only payments while in school. Variable interest rate: A $10,000 loan with a 15-year term (180 monthly payments of $152.84) and a 16.85% interest rate without Auto Pay (16.85% APR) would result in a total estimated payment amount of $35,515.14. For a variable loan, after your starting rate is set, your rate will then vary with the market. Your actual repayment terms may vary. Other repayment options are available. The calculation assumes that the “in-school” period is 4 years (48 months) and includes our 9 month grace period, during which the monthly payment will be $140.42 for 57 months. Fixed interest rate: A $10,000 loan with a 15-year term (180 monthly payments of $150.30) and a 16.49% interest rate without Auto Pay (16.49% APR) would result in a total estimated payment amount of $34,886.94. Your actual repayment terms may vary. Other repayment options are available. The calculation assumes that the “in-school” period is 4 years (48 months) and includes our 9 month grace period, during which the monthly payment will be $137.42 for 57 months.
3.) These examples provide estimates based on fixed $25 payments while in school. Variable interest rate: A $10,000 loan with a 15-year term (180 monthly payments of $253.39) and a 16.85% interest rate without Auto Pay (14.92% APR) would result in a total estimated payment amount of $47,035.20. For a variable loan, after your starting rate is set, your rate will then vary with the market. Fixed interest rate: A $10,000 loan with a 15-year term (180 monthly payments of $246.61) and a 16.49% interest rate without Auto Pay (14.65% APR) would result in a total estimated payment amount of $45,814.80. Your actual repayment terms may vary. Other repayment options are available. The calculation assumes that the “in-school” period is 4 years (48 months) and includes our 9 month grace period, during which the monthly payment will be $25.00. 4.) These examples provide estimates based on deferred payments. Variable interest rate: A $10,000 loan with a 15-year term (180 monthly payments of $275.17) and a 16.85% interest rate without Auto Pay (14.67% APR) would result in a total estimated payment amount of $49,530.60. For a variable loan, after your starting rate is set, your rate will then vary with the market. Fixed interest rate: A $10,000 loan with a 15-year term (180 monthly payments of $268.03) and a 16.49% interest rate without Auto Pay (14.39% APR) would result in a total estimated payment amount of $48,245.40. Your actual repayment terms may vary. Other repayment options are available. It is important to note that the 0.25% Auto Pay discount is not available when the deferred repayment option has been selected and the loan is in the interim period. The calculation assumes that the “in-school” period is 4 years (48 months) and includes our 9 month grace period, during which the monthly payment will be $0.
4.) These examples provide estimates based on deferred payments. Variable interest rate: A $10,000 loan with a 15-year term (180 monthly payments of $275.17) and a 16.85% interest rate without Auto Pay (14.67% APR) would result in a total estimated payment amount of $49,530.60. For a variable loan, after your starting rate is set, your rate will then vary with the market. Fixed interest rate: A $10,000 loan with a 15-year term (180 monthly payments of $268.03) and a 16.49% interest rate without Auto Pay (14.39% APR) would result in a total estimated payment amount of $48,245.40. Your actual repayment terms may vary. Other repayment options are available. It is important to note that the 0.25% Auto Pay discount is not available when the deferred repayment option has been selected and the loan is in the interim period. The calculation assumes that the “in-school” period is 4 years (48 months) and includes our 9 month grace period, during which the monthly payment will be $0.
7 Actual rate and available repayment terms will vary based on your financial profile. Fixed annual percentage rates (APR) range from 2.79% to 16.74% (2.29% – 16.24% with Auto Pay and Loyalty discounts). Variable annual percentage rates (APR) range from 5.24% to 17.1% (4.74% – 16.6% with Auto Pay and Loyalty discounts). Earnest variable interest rate student loans are based on a publicly available index, the 30-day Average Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. The variable rate is based on the rate published on the 25th day, or the next business day, of the preceding calendar month, rounded to the nearest hundredth of a percent plus a margin and will change on the 1st of each month. The rate will not increase more than once a month, but there is no limit on the amount that the rate could increase at one time. Our lowest rates are only available for our most credit qualified existing cosigned loan borrowers who receive the 0.25% Loyalty discount and requires selection of our shortest term offered, full principal and interest payment while in school, and enrollment in our 0.25% Auto Pay discount. Enrolling in Auto Pay is not required as a condition for approval. Interest rates are subject to change.
8 You can take advantage of the Auto Pay interest rate reduction by setting up and maintaining active and automatic ACH withdrawal of your loan payment from a checking or savings account. The interest rate reduction for Auto Pay will be available only while your loan is enrolled in Auto Pay. Interest rate incentives for utilizing Auto Pay may not be combined with certain private student loan repayment programs that also offer an interest rate reduction. It is important to note that the 0.25% Auto Pay discount is not available when loan payments are deferred during the interim period as a result of selecting the deferred repayment option.
9 Only applicants who have previously obtained a disbursed Earnest Private Student Loan are eligible for the Loyalty Discount. To obtain the discount you must also apply using the same email address associated with that loan. Only one Loyalty Discount may be applied per eligible Earnest Private Student Loan. Not all applicants may qualify. This offer cannot be combined with Earnest’s Rate Match program. Earnest Private Student Loans through Juno are excluded from Loyalty Discount eligibility. Earnest may modify or discontinue this offer at any time and without notice, however, once a Loyalty Discount is earned, it will not be taken away.
10 Earnest does not charge fees for origination, late payments, returned check, or prepayments. Florida Stamp Tax: For Florida residents, Florida documentary stamp tax is required by law, calculated as $0.35 for each $100 (or portion thereof) of the principal loan amount, the amount of which is provided in the Final Disclosure. Lender will add the stamp tax to the principal loan amount. The full amount will be paid directly to the Florida Department of Revenue. Certificate of Registration No.78-8016373916-
Earnest Private Student Loans are subject to credit approval.
Earnest Private Student Loans are made by FinWise Bank, Member FDIC. FinWise Bank, 756 East Winchester, Suite 100, Murray, UT 84107.
Earnest student loans are serviced by Earnest Operations LLC, 300 Frank H. Ogawa Plaza, Suite 340, Oakland, CA 94612. NMLS #1204917, with support from Higher Education Loan Authority of the State of Missouri (MOHELA) (NMLS# 1442770).
FinWise Bank and Earnest LLC and its subsidiaries, including Earnest Operations LLC, are not sponsored by agencies of the United States of America.

Pros

Loans available to international students without a cosigner

Interest-only payments while in school

Cons

Higher-than-average rates and fees

Only one repayment option

Must attend a partner school

Not available to first- or second-year undergraduate students

HIGHLIGHTS

Loan amounts
$2,001 to $100,000

Loan terms
10 years

Fixed APR
10.89%

Minimum credit score
Not required

Minimum income
Not disclosed

Although some private student loan lenders will issue loans to international students, they typically require the student to have a cosigner that is a U.S. citizen or permanent resident. If the student doesn’t have close friends or family in the country, it can be difficult to find loans for school.
MPower is one of the only lenders that offers private student loans to international students without a cosigner or collateral. The lender offers visa prep courses and a job search tool for international students, and repaying these loans helps international students build a credit-history in the U.S. MPower works with 500 schools in the U.S. and Canada. As of August 2026, MPower says it isn’t issuing any additional new loans for 2026 after reaching its current funding capacity. If this is a lender you’re interested in using in the future, you may want to apply early in the season to avoid a similar scenario.

Pros

Offers career training, medical residency and bar exam loans
Cosigner release available after just 12 monthly payments

Cons

Limited repayment terms
Late fee of up to $25 (other lenders have eliminated this)

HIGHLIGHTS

Loan amounts
$1,000 to total school-certified cost of attendance

Loan terms
10 or 15 years

Fixed APR
2.08% – 17.49% with autopay discount

Minimum credit score
Not disclosed

Minimum income
Not disclosed

Like other lenders, Sallie Mae has education loan options for undergraduate, graduate, professional and medical school programs. But it’s also one of the few lenders that has options for students enrolled in trade or certificate programs. Within the professional programs, it offers loans designed specifically to help borrowers navigate periods where they’re not earning much, like during medical residency periods or when studying for the bar exam. Another unique feature: Borrowers who are enrolled in college less than half-time are still eligible to apply. (Many lenders are open to part-time students, but still require at least half-time enrollment.)
Most top lenders today offer at least three or four different terms for repayment; Sallie Mae only offers two for undergraduate loans and one for graduate school loans. But it does allow borrowers to sign up for a graduated repayment period, where they can make interest-only payments for up to a year after the grace period ends.
Read full Sallie Mae student loan review>>

Pros

No late or insufficient fund fees

Multiple rate discounts available
Extra member benefits

Cons

Not available for associate degree programs
Must make 24 months of payments before applying for cosigner release

HIGHLIGHTS

Loan amounts
$1,000 to total school-certified cost of attendance

Loan terms
5-year, 7-year, 10-year, and 15-year terms

Fixed APR
2.99% – 15.99% (with 0.25% autopay discount)

Minimum credit score
Not disclosed

Minimum income
Not disclosed

For those looking for a private student loan without fees, SoFi® is a top lender. Like most student loan lenders, it doesn’t charge origination fees. But SoFi also doesn’t charge any late fees. In addition to the standard discount for setting up automatic payments, existing borrowers can earn a returning scholar discount. SoFi also offers a cash bonus of up to $250 for borrowers who have a 3.0 GPA or higher. And students and parents who borrow through SoFi have access to exclusive member benefits like financial coaching and estate planning, plus a rewards program where you can earn points for activities like checking your credit score and redeem them against your loan.
SoFi’s cosigner release policy — requiring 24 months of on-time payments before applying — is better than some lenders, but there are several lenders that offer shorter periods.
Read full SoFi student loans review>>

What you need to know about student loans
Student loans are issued by the federal government or private lenders to help students pay for undergraduate or graduate studies. The loan goes toward tuition, books, student housing and other education-related expenses.
Once a student loan application is approved, the funds are sent directly to the school to cover tuition, fees and on-campus student housing. Any remaining balance is then disbursed to the student.
All private loans accrue interest from when the loan is dispersed, while some federal loans don’t start accruing interest until you enter repayment. For private loans, in-school repayment options usually include deferment, interest-only or full payment, and repayment terms typically range from five to 20 years.
Federal vs. private student loans
Since private loans don’t offer the same protections that federal loans do, the general advice is to seek private student loans after you’ve exhausted every federal option.

Federal loans

Private loans

Credit Check

Not required for most loans

Required

Minimum income required

Not required

Required

Annual borrowing limits

Borrowing limits apply to most loans

Typically no annual limit

Payments while in schools

Payments deferred until student leaves school

Payments may be required

Eligible for loan forgiveness

Yes

No

Federal student loans
Federal student loans are the first choice for many due to their low rates, flexible repayment options and federal protections.
To apply for federal loans and additional financial aid, students must submit the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) once every school year. Your school will calculate how much you’re eligible to borrow based on the cost of attendance and your family’s financial information.
The federal government limits how much a student can borrow annually and over their lifetime based on the academic year, loan type and the borrowers’ dependency status.

Pros

Income-driven loan repayment plan options

Opportunities for student loan forgiveness

Fixed interest rates that apply to all borrowers

Eligible for forbearance if experiencing a financial hardship

No credit checks for most loans

Cons

Disbursement fees apply

Only available to U.S. citizens and permanent residents with Social Security numbers

Strict annual and aggregate limits

Private student loans
Private student loans are similar to personal loans, as they are issued by private banks or credit unions.
Private student loan lenders look at students’ credit scores and credit reports to determine interest rates and loan approval. Since most students don’t have enough credit history, lenders often require a qualifying cosigner.
Private loans don’t feature the same benefits as federal student loans, but they can help pay your school’s total cost of attendance if you’re no longer eligible for federal aid.
Most private lenders suggest borrowers start loan repayment while still in school, but most offer in-school deferment or grace periods, although interest will continue to accrue.

Pros

Available to U.S. citizens and qualifying international students
No financial need requirements
Fixed and variable rates
Higher loan limits for undergraduate loans

Cons

Not eligible for federal forgiveness programs
Limited repayment options and hardship assistance programs
Requires credit check
May have higher APRs
Will likely require a cosigner

Student loan interest rates
Current private student loan interest rates range from about 2% to 18%. The interest rate on your loans depends on the type of loans you have, your education level and the lender issuing the loan.
Rates can be fixed or variable. Fixed interest rates stay the same for the entire repayment period. By contrast, variable interest rates can change over time, so they are usually best for borrowers who want a shorter repayment term.
Average student loan interest rate
Federal student loans
Interest rates on federal student loans are established by federal law. The rates are fixed, so they stay the same for the duration of your loan term.
For federal student loans, we calculated the average interest rate using the rates for the current academic year. The overall average interest rate for federal student loans is 7.87%.
The rates you’ll pay depend on the loan and borrower type. These are the rates for loans issued for the 2026-2027 academic year:

Loan type

Borrowers

Interest rate

Direct subsized loans and Direct unsubsidized loans

Undergraduates

6.52%

Direct unsubsidized loans for graduate students

Graduate or professional students

8.07%

Direct PLUS loans

Parents and graduate students who’ve borrowed before June 30, 2026. (New graduate borrowers cannot take out PLUS loans.)

9.07%

Private student loans
Private student loans work differently. Lenders set their rate range based on an index, such as the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR). The rates can change over time as the market fluctuates, so you may find that current rates are higher or lower than when you took out your loan.
Other factors affect your private loan rates, including your credit history, income, debt-to-income ratio and whether you have a cosigner. Looking at the rate ranges advertised by 11 major lenders, we calculated the averages: The average fixed rate is 8.89% and the average variable rate is 10.19%. Note that these are only illustrative. They aren’t reflective of the actual average rates offered by lenders.
How to apply for student loans
The following are general tips to consider before applying for student loans, whether federal or private.
Calculate your financial needs
Consider your school’s cost of attendance (tuition, materials, room and board, etc.) and then factor in additional living expenses. Money’s Best Colleges in America contains information about admission, costs, financial aid and graduation rates of hundreds of public and private institutions around the United States.
We recommend you consider federal loans first, as they have several advantages over private loans and a variety of options to choose from.
Shop around for private loans
If you need to take out a private student loan, keep in mind that each lender offers different terms, rates and benefits. They also have different underwriting models, so you may qualify for a lower rate with one lender even if they have a higher starting APR than competitors. That’s why you need to shop around and compare fees and APRs from multiple lenders before making a decision. A good place to start is a marketplace like Credible or LendKey, where you can review rates from several lenders at once.
Tip: Most federal student loans are available without a credit check, so they’re a good option for those with poor credit or no credit history.
Choose the right lender for you
To choose the best student loan, you should have a clear understanding of what each lender requires and what they offer regarding interest rates and repayment options:

Check your lender’s credentials: Only do business with reputable lenders. To determine this, use reputable sources like Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), Federal Trade Commission (FTC) and the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB).
Apply for prequalification: By prequalifying, you get to see what rates, terms and benefits each lender offers, while avoiding a hard credit inquiry. Be sure to understand how different interest rates and terms affect your payments.
Look for lenders with in-school repayment options: Starting loan repayment early will reduce the debt burden. Opt for private lenders with multiple options, a grace period, and no penalties for early loan repayment.
Opt for lenders with low or no fees: Application and origination fees are processing costs added to your principal, which means you’ll pay interest on them. All federal loans have origination fees; private loans typically do not. Note that student loan companies are legally prohibited from charging prepayment penalties. If you can, look for lenders that don’t charge late fees either.
Take advantage of discounts and perks: Many lenders offer autopay discounts and other perks such as free study or tutoring programs and bonuses for good grades or referring friends.

Latest student loan news
Student loan lenders, who’ve primarily focused on undergraduate loans over the past several years, are trying to stake a claim in the graduate space. The One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA) eliminated the Grad PLUS loan program for new borrowers and imposed new federal borrowing caps: Graduate students can now borrow up to $20,500 a year and professional students up to $50,000 a year (Existing borrowers are grandfathered into the new rules.)
Private lenders are eager to fill the gaps for credit-worthy grad students, and they’ve launched new loan programs as well as lowered rates for graduate loans. Sallie Mae is forecasting a 12% to 14% increase in loan originations this year due to the stricter government borrowing rules, according to the Wall Street Journal.
On the repayment side, borrowers are still facing a bumpy road into the new suite of repayment plans. Millions of borrowers in the now defunct SAVE plan were told they’d have 90 days to switch plans, with the countdown starting after receiving notices from their loan servicers. But now that the first wave of deadlines has come, borrowers on reported receiving “final notices” that gave them an additional 30 days. Borrowers who don’t proactively switch to a new plan could be making a costly mistake. Recent research from JP Morgan found that SAVE borrowers who are placed into the standard plan could see their payments rise to 12% of their take-home pay, up from about 3%.

Best student loans FAQs
What is the best student loan to get?
Federal student loans are the best option for student borrowers (both undergraduate and graduate). Federal loans offer relatively low fixed rates, flexible repayment options and more expansive borrower protections.
Is SoFi or Sallie Mae better?
SoFi and Sallie Mae are both well-known private lenders; neither is universally better. Both companies offer competitive rates and loan terms, but Money named SoFi as the best for perks and Sallie Mae as the best for students borrowing for non-degree programs.
Can you get student loans with bad credit?
If you have bad credit, federal loans are an excellent starting point. Most loans are available without credit checks, and the federal government doesn’t require a minimum credit score.
Do you need a cosigner for student loans?
Yes, most students usually need a cosigner with good credit — such as a parent or relative — to qualify for a private student loan. Federal loans are available without a cosigner, even if you don’t have good credit.
Is Trump forgiving student loans?
No, the Trump administration has not announced any widespread student loan forgiveness. Borrowers are still getting their debts canceled through long-existing programs including Public Service Loan Forgiveness and Borrower Defense to Repayment.

Best student loans methodology: How we picked our winners
We reviewed 14 private student loan lenders, evaluating them on more than 20 factors. We prioritized private lenders that offered the following:
Flexible repayment options
Federal student loans have several different standardized payment plan models, whereas private lenders often offer less flexibility. We looked for lenders that offered multiple in-school payment options. We compared the variety of repayment term lengths, favoring lenders with four or more term options, as the length of your term influences your interest rate and monthly payment, we believe that more options for a more customizable loan is valuable. We also considered whether lenders offered cosigner releases and how long a borrower had to wait before applying.
Competitive interest rates and low fees
We preferred lenders that balanced low starting rates for the most credit-worthy borrowers with still reasonable rates for borrowers with fair credit. In this case, we primarily looked for lenders with rates starting at or below 4% and maxing out around 15%, though we did make some exceptions. Private student loan lenders rarely charge origination or application fees. But some do charge late fees or insufficient fund fees. We gave points to lenders that waived these.
Unique perks, discounts or specialized products
Lenders often specialize in products for specific programs or populations of students, or they offer unique perks and discounts. These helped us identify stand-out lenders that offered something beyond competitive rates and repayment terms.
Borrower protections
As an industry, private student loans lack the consumer protections offered via federal loans, so it’s critical for borrowers to understand their options to reduce or pause payments should they run into problems paying. Forbearance policies vary from lender to lender, and it can sometimes be hard to find clear information about them when shopping around. We favored lenders with transparent policies on their websites and options to defer payments for up to a year, at a minimum.
Summary of Money’s Best Student Loans of November 2026

Abe – Best for Borrower Protections
Ascent – Best for Borrowers Without a Cosigner
College Ave – Best for Parents
Earnest – Best for Flexible Repayment
MPower Financing – Best for International Students
Sallie Mae – Best for Non-Degree Programs
SoFi® – Best for Member Perks

Disney Is Planning Thousands of Layoffs in Search of 20% Cost Savings

November 4, 2026 MMN Editor Filed Under: Entrepreneur Magazine, SUCCESS

CEO Josh D’Amaro wants to find 20% savings and reinvest that money in parks, cruises and programming. What does that mean for jobs?

5 Moves That Turn a CFO Into a Real CEO Contender

November 4, 2026 MMN Editor Filed Under: Entrepreneur Magazine, SUCCESS

CFOs aiming for the CEO seat must do things like drive growth, think like owners and build trust with others.

Cognac Houses Are Betting On Afrobeats. Is The Money Reaching Past The Stars?

November 4, 2026 MMN Editor Filed Under: Forbes, SUCCESS

With a new Afrobeats Edition fronted by Davido and designed by Prince Gyasi, Martell pitches itself as an investor in the genre.

Hospital stocks rally while drugmakers brace for scrutiny. Here’s what the Democratic wave means for healthcare.

November 4, 2026 MMN Editor Filed Under: MarketWatch, SUCCESS

The Democratic victory in the midterm elections could be a huge boon to the nation’s largest hospitals.

Amazon is selling $37 solar fence lights that run for 12 hours continuously

November 4, 2026 MMN Editor Filed Under: SUCCESS, The Street

TheStreet aims to feature only the best products and services. If you buy something via one of our links, we may earn a commission.

One of the biggest monthly expenses for many people is their electric bill. The majority of that likely comes from lighting, as well as heating or cooling the home. Of course, laptops, tablets, and other devices add to the total monthly use as well, but to a lesser extent. With all these electrical devices sucking the electricity out of the grid, and money out of your bank account, it’s important to find a way to save a little on your bill every month. One of the best ways to do that is by shopping for solar-powered items, including outdoor lights.

To that end, Amazon sells all sorts of outdoor solar lights that can give your backyard or patio the ambiance you desire without making the light bill skyrocket. In addition to price increases for groceries and gasoline, utility costs continue to rise at a rate that’s not easy to manage for most consumers. That’s why these outdoor solar lights are so incredibly valuable. They allow you to decorate your home’s outdoor spaces at an affordable price.

Sunflickt Solar Outdoor Fence Lights

Courtesy of Amazon

Check price at Amazon

To that point, one of the online retailer’s most intriguing sets of solar fence lights is currently available for just $37. The Sunflickt Solar Outdoor Fence Lights have more features than you might expect from such an affordable patio accessory. With just 5 to 6 hours of sunlight, they’re good to be on all night long. The lights include a multi-color function, a 12-hour timer, and an IP67 waterproof rating. Not only can you make each light a different color, but you can sync them all to the same color as well if you prefer, giving you a plethora of choices. If you’re looking to spruce up your backyard at a bargain price, then these lights can do the job. They’re available in sets of as little as two and as many as 20. 

Benefits of solar fence lights

Lights like these have plenty of advantages, some of which you might not even realize before you own them. First off, you get easy wire-free installation. There are no wall outlets or special battery packs to speak of, which means these lights are the ultimate “set it and forget it” outdoor lighting. What’s more, because they’re so easy to install and place, you can quickly move them around if the initial setup doesn’t quite work for you. Even if you’re pleased with your first install, it’s easy to change things up if you’re just in the mood for a little variety.

Secondly, solar fence lights are eco-friendly and affordable. They don’t drain electricity from the grid, which is an eco-conscious solution for dealing with limited natural resources. Not only does the lack of electrical draw help the environment, but it also helps your bank account. Without adding to your monthly electricity bill, the lights can brighten your home virtually for free. Because they don’t require a lot of complicated wiring, the lights can also be sold at a low price, so the one time you will pay for them won’t cost you an arm and a leg.

Safety and security are perhaps the most important advantage of owning a good set of solar fence lights. Your backyard can sometimes feel like the most vulnerable part of your property. Having lights that turn on automatically as soon as the sun goes down can ensure that you maintain a sense of security all night long. No burglar wants to go traipsing through a well-lit yard and risk getting caught, so these lights go far to keep would-be intruders outside of the confines of your backyard.

More Outdoor Solar Lights

Perhaps the Sunflickt Solar Outdoor Fence Lights aren’t your cup of tea. No worries, because we’ve compiled a list of some of our other favorites currently available at Amazon. Whether you want in-ground lights, hanging string lights, or something a bit more out of the box, this list has what you’re looking for. Just be sure to grab whichever you prefer quickly, as the best models tend to sell out faster than you may expect.

Aootek Solar Motion Lights

Courtesy of Amazon

Check price at Amazon

Tuffenough Solar Outdoor Lights with Remote

Courtesy of Amazon

Check price at Amazon

Auderwin Solar-Powered Spotlight

Courtesy of Amazon

Check price at Amazon

Lifengsoler Clip-On Solar Motion Sensor Lights

Courtesy of Amazon

Check price at Amazon

TheStreet Shopping is your guide for shopping insights and advice. We look beyond the price tag to find the best value in home, tech, and wellness gear based on product features and real-world use. Read more about our Editorial Standards and How We Choose Our Shopping Deals.

What Trump can achieve without approval from a Democratic-led Congress

November 4, 2026 MMN Editor Filed Under: MarketWatch, SUCCESS

The president will have plenty of power to move markets by himself.

AI agents’ growing role in payments raises an awkward question

November 4, 2026 MMN Editor Filed Under: SUCCESS, The Street

You may already use an app that connects your bank account to a subscription service, a budgeting tool, or a payment platform. The next step those companies are building is an AI agent that acts on your behalf without checking in first. Book the cheaper flight. Pay the invoice. Move money when a balance drops.

The appeal is not complicated. What has not been worked out is what happens when the agent goes further than you intended.

AI systems have been shown to access authorization codes and bypass spending restrictions without human sign-off. The rules set for them at the app layer are not the same as the rules that hold when money actually moves. A transaction can clear every fraud filter, look completely legitimate on the backend, and still be something you never approved.

Banks, fintechs, and payment providers are all moving in this direction. About 30% of consumers say they would already let an AI agent make purchases on their behalf. In some financial environments, including digital asset platforms, an unauthorized transaction cannot be reversed at all. Regulators have not yet set clear rules for who is responsible when an autonomous system gets something wrong.

The limits you set may not be the limits that hold

The first problem is architectural. When you set a spending limit for an AI agent, where does that limit live? In most current setups, it lives inside a prompt. That is an instruction the agent is given, not a technical constraint enforced at the payment layer. Those are not the same thing.

Also read: Meta Muse gives AMD and Intel investors a reason to cheer

“Spending limits cannot simply live in a prompt; they must be enforced at the wallet or payment layer, covering cumulative spending and actions delegated to other agents,” Sachi Kamiya, Director of Venture and Growth at Sentient Foundation, told TheStreet in an interview. “This is especially important for digital finance, where a technically valid transaction can violate user intent and be difficult to reverse.”

The gap gets wider when agents start passing tasks to other agents. Each one acts within what it understands to be its scope. Collectively, they can push past the boundary you set without any single agent technically breaking a rule. Kamiya pointed to open-source infrastructure as part of what is needed: independent parties verifying how safeguards work, not just taking a platform’s word for it.

Fraud systems were built to stop the wrong problem

The security tools banks rely on today were designed around a specific threat. Someone stole your credentials. Someone is pretending to be you. The defenses built around that idea — PINs, Face ID, behavioral anomaly detection — all assume a bad actor on the other side.

An AI agent with legitimate access does not fit that picture. It is not impersonating you. It is you, as far as the system can tell.

“Today’s payment security assumes a human with a thumb and a heartbeat on the other side of the screen. PINs, Face ID, fraud alerts, all built to catch a stolen human identity. An agent with valid access isn’t stolen. To a fraud engine, it looks like normal traffic,” Roman Yermoshyn, General Manager at GoBTC Pay, told TheStreet. “So the question has to change from ‘is this really you?’ to ‘did you actually allow this?’”

The model Yermoshyn described is one where you define what the agent is allowed to do before it acts. How much it can spend. How often. With whom. Until when. Anything outside those parameters comes back to you. His framing: give an agent a budget, not your bank account.

The precision matters for a reason that is easy to miss. A single hard spending cap might stop one big mistake. It will not stop an agent that misreads an instruction and sends the same smaller payment a hundred times over.

A separate risk runs alongside both of those. An agent decides what to do based on the data it reads. Anyone who can corrupt that data can steer the agent toward a worse outcome for you without ever needing access to your account.

“The first risk is the obvious one: a bug or a hallucination. The agent overspends, buys something that doesn’t match what the user wanted, or simply misunderstands what the user asked for. The second risk is manipulation. An agent makes its decisions based on the data it reads, so anyone smart enough to manipulate that data can push it toward a product or a service that isn’t the best one for the user,” Hugo Renaudin, CEO of Ulys, told TheStreet in an interview.

The accountability question has not been resolved. If an AI agent pays the wrong party, the list of candidates for who is responsible is long.Fiordaliso / Getty Images

When an agent gets it wrong, no one knows who pays

The accountability question has not been resolved. If an AI agent pays the wrong party, the list of candidates for who is responsible is long. The company that built the model. The app that gave it financial access. The institution that processed the transaction. The user who set up the permissions in the first place.

Right now, none of those parties have clear obligations mapped out. That is not a theoretical gap. It is a gap that will produce real disputes.

“The industry needs clear rules for what agents can authorize, when users must approve an action, and who is responsible when something goes wrong,” Kamiya said. “Users should be able to see what an agent is doing, pause it, and revoke access easily.”

More Artificial Intelligence:

AI’s biggest business opportunity may not look like AI

AI racks are outgrowing old power: 2 chipmakers have a strategy

BofA splits software into winners and losers as AI agents arrive

That kind of visibility is not standard today. Most people who use financial apps with AI features have no straightforward view into what the agent is doing in the background. Revoking its access is not always a simple step either.

What the industry needs to build before this scales

Both experts pointed to the same structural requirement. The system that approves a payment has to be separate from the agent requesting it. An agent cannot be the one deciding whether its own action is permitted. A Cloud Security Alliance survey found that 65% of security leaders believe AI agents in payments will require an entirely new authorization model, a shift the industry has not yet made.

“The system that approves a payment must be separate from the agent requesting it, because an agent should never approve its own actions. And every transaction needs a clear trail of who authorized what,” Yermoshyn said.

There is also a precondition that sits upstream of all the structural fixes. Changes to rails and authorization frameworks will not deliver much if the models running inside these agents are still too unreliable to be trusted with money.

“Before the digital finance industry changes, the AI models have to get better. They need to hallucinate less, be much more reliable and understand better what users actually want. We are still early: today there are too many errors, and that isn’t acceptable at the scale of trillions of dollars in transactions, but it will be soon,” Renaudin said.

Three things come up across all three conversations: permissions that are programmable with limits, scope, and an expiry date; a technical separation between the approving system and the acting agent; and audit records that trace each payment back to a specific authorization.

None of those are new concepts in regulated finance. They are standard in other contexts. The issue is that AI agents are entering payment systems before the governance frameworks that would normally come with them.

For you, the practical question is not whether these tools are coming. They are. It is whether, when you start using them, the financial institution behind the product has built the controls that keep you in charge of what happens next.

Related: Google set to challenge Meta Muse in the Agentic AI race

8 Costco Travel Hacks Many Members Miss

November 4, 2026 MMN Editor Filed Under: Money.com, SUCCESS

Costco Travel has been around for more than 25 years, and its in-house services help people save money while traveling to various destinations.
The travel segment negotiates directly with cruise lines, hotels and rental companies to secure lower prices for Costco customers. These are some of the Costco Travel hacks many customers may overlook.

Must Read

You’re probably eligible to save money on car insurance. Compare rates for your ZIP code with this free — and fast — tool from Money.
These 6 hacks can help retirees save money on things they’re already buying.
A $10,000 investment 10 years ago would be worth over $30,000 today. It wasn’t a stock. See how investors are adding gold to their IRAs with Goldco’s free guide.

Costco travel perks you may have missed
Before you book your next trip through Costco, be sure to familiarize yourself with all the retailer’s travel benefits. Here are some you may not know about.
1. Book for travelers who aren’t members
You must be a Costco member to use Costco Travel. However, you can book a trip for someone who isn’t a member, as long as you are the one making the payment through Costco Travel. That way, not everyone who is a part of the trip needs to have a Costco card.
2. Cancel and rebook rental cars when prices drop
If you book a rental car at a high price, you don’t have to accept that high price if it becomes more affordable in the future. You can cancel your rental car booking and immediately rebook it when the price drops. There’s no penalty, and you can use this strategy anytime before pickup. (Though if you booked via a prepay rate, there may be a cancellation fee.)
3. Get a free second driver
You don’t have to pay extra money to get a second driver for a Costco Travel rental car. Most rental car providers charge an extra $10 to $15 per day if you want to add a second driver. Not only does Costco free you from this fee, but the second driver doesn’t even have to be a Costco member.
4. Add your rental loyalty number
Even though you are getting a rental car from Costco Travel, you can still add your rental loyalty number for rental car companies that you use. That way, the bookings you complete on Costco Travel also translate into extra points and perks for the rental company’s loyalty program. This offer applies to specific partners within the Costco Travel platform.
5. Collect a Shop Card on every Norwegian sailing
Each time you book a Norwegian cruise, you will also receive a Costco Shop Card, which can be used like cash to shop at the retailer.
6. Book during bonus windows
Multiple cruise lines offer extra perks like gift cards if you book during a featured deal. You can monitor the Costco Travel site to ensure you capitalize on bonus windows when they are announced.
7. Ask about price drops on packages
Rather than cancel and rebook upon a price drop, you can call Costco Travel at 1-866-921-7925 to request a price adjustment. Note that the retailer’s website says “this may require rebooking your package or cruise, and penalties may apply.”
8. Get 2% rewards on top of the other travel hacks
Executive members earn 2% back on Costco Travel, up to $1,250 per year, which can help you make the most of your membership fee.
Be careful of scammers
Costco has warned shoppers of fraudulent calls attempting to obtain personal information and potentially offering fake perks, such as a $500 Costco Travel credit.
You should only call the phone number provided on Costco Travel’s site, which is 1-866-921-7925.

Never miss a Money story.

Join 700,000+ readers who get the latest financial news and advice delivered daily for free. Subscribe to our newsletters.

Ford and GM see savings drivers may pay for later

November 4, 2026 MMN Editor Filed Under: SUCCESS, The Street

A new vehicle could become cheaper to manufacture under the Trump administration’s loosened fuel-economy rules. There’s a catch for consumers, though.

The Transportation Department estimates that drivers may spend more than $1,600 extra on gasoline over a vehicle’s lifetime compared with what they would have paid under the previous standards, Reuters reported Nov. 2.

That’s an unusual trade-off.

In addition, it’s important to note that the new rules don’t guarantee lower prices for car buyers, since manufacturers may not pass on their production savings to consumers. Meanwhile, higher fuel expenses are contingent on future gas prices, the vehicles individuals purchase, and how much they drive.

In response to a legal challenge from California and other states, Ford Motor (F), General Motors (GM), and other major manufacturers are now defending the updated rules.

It makes sense that automakers would support them. Popular gas-powered trucks and SUVs might become more profitable with less stringent fuel-economy regulations, which would also lessen the need to invest in expensive technology.

Stronger margins might also benefit stockholders.

Still, for someone buying a new vehicle, it raises a question: Will a cheaper car today become a more expensive one to own tomorrow?

Ford and GM could save billions under the new rules

The Transportation Department finalized a fleet-wide fuel-economy target of 34.9 miles per gallon by 2031, down from the 50.4 mpg target approved under former President Joe Biden, Reuters reported.

The numbers do not represent the miles that each new car must attain; rather, they represent regulation fleet averages.

The government believes the loosened regulations may lower automakers’ technology costs by $60.6 billion through 2031, according to Reuters.

Ford could save around $5.8 billion, while GM alone could save an estimated $20.4 billion.

These numbers do not necessarily indicate increases in business profitability. Rather, they show anticipated decreases in cost linked to compliance when compared to the prior standards.

Because Ford and GM depend so largely on lucrative gasoline-powered trucks and SUVs, the savings are significant.

Manufacturers were under pressure to implement fuel-saving technology and boost sales of electric cars under the prior regulations. Now they will have greater freedom to choose which cars to develop and market.

The Alliance for Automotive Innovation said in a court document seen by Reuters that manufacturers need stable laws in order to make investment plans and create new models.

“Automakers require certainty and stability in the standards,” the Alliance said.

GM sees a $20 billion opportunity with a hidden cost.CHARLY TRIBALLEAU / Getty Images

Drivers could face a different bill at the gas pump

The potential consumer savings come with an important condition.

In its final rule published Sept. 30, NHTSA said average vehicle costs could decline by $1,289 in model year 2031 if manufacturers pass the savings on to buyers.

The agency did not guarantee that dealership prices would fall by that amount. It also forecasted that, compared with prior requirements, gasoline consumption will rise by 4.6% through 2050.

Reuters reported that the increase represents approximately 121 billion additional gallons of gasoline.

That does not imply that all new cars will lose efficiency. Even as drivers’ actual expenses vary depending on the vehicle, usage, and gas prices, automakers can continue to improve fuel efficiency.

However, there may be a financial trade-off. After saving money at the dealership, consumers may pay more at the pump over the long term.

More Automotive:

‘Too late’ for Europe, Ford CEO warns as Chinese cars eye U.S.

Trump’s latest gift to automakers has major consequences

Rivian sends safety message to thousands of drivers

California Attorney General Rob Bonta pushed back on the administration’s strategy.

In an Oct. 2 announcement, Bonta said a coalition of 26 states and local governments had challenged the rollback, arguing that NHTSA failed to establish the maximum feasible fuel-economy standards required by law.

Additionally, the group questioned how the government included electric cars in its research.

Ford and GM face a test beyond regulatory savings

Lower compliance expenses may be a welcome relief for shareholders.

While adjusted operating profits rose 3% to $2.7 billion, Ford reported third-quarter sales of $49.5 billion, down 2% from the same period last year.

Ford’s improved profitability, as noted in its Oct. 28 results commentary, was partly due to a stronger mix of higher-margin vehicles, including off-road models.

Reduced regulatory costs may support such an approach. However, additional pressures on manufacturers would remain.

For purchasers, factors including car affordability, finance expenses, insurance, and gas prices are still crucial.

The ongoing legal challenge is another issue. NHTSA’s final rule is scheduled to take effect on Nov. 30, but the litigation introduces uncertainty for manufacturers planning vehicles years ahead.

Whether Ford and GM can turn regulatory savings into higher profits and sales is a crucial concern for investors.

The question for customers is whether a cheaper purchasing price eventually overcomes higher gasoline costs.

Government statistics do not prove that every buyer would experience financial loss. The real expenses will differ from the projected averages.

They do, however, highlight a conflict that car buyers should be aware of.

Related: Ford sets 2027 goal to dethrone Toyota in certified used cars

  • « Go to Previous Page
  • Page 1
  • Page 2
  • Page 3
  • Page 4
  • Page 5
  • Page 6
  • Interim pages omitted …
  • Page 342
  • Go to Next Page »

© 2026–2027 OCON Entertainment Group LLC. All rights reserved.
MadMadNews.com is owned and operated by OCON Entertainment Group LLC.
Third-party news, images, videos, and trademarks remain the property of their respective owners.
Copyright, Ownership & Takedown Notice